ἄμπελος

See also: άμπελος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἀμπέλος (ampélos) – Doric

Etymology

Difficult to explain as an inherited Indo-European word and usually considered to be a substrate word, though there is little formal evidence for that. Possibly from from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl (apple).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ám.pe.los/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈam.pɛ.los/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈam.pe.los/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈam.pe.los/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈam.be.los/

Noun

ἄμπελος • (ámpelos) f (genitive ἀμπέλου); second declension

vine
- 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 4.181
- 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 3.17.4
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.110
- 620 BCE – 500 BCE, Alcaeus of Mytilene, Collected Works 44
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.195
- 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 4.4.11
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.90
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 7.2
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 9.52
a vineyard
- 175 CE – 235 CE, Claudius Aelianus, On the Nature of Animals 11.32
an engine for protecting besiegers, mantlet
- 100 CE – 200 CE, Apollodorus of Damascus, Siege Engines 141.7

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ἄμπελος; τοῦ ἀμπέλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ἄμπελος ho ámpelos	τὼ ἀμπέλω tṑ ampélō	οἱ ἄμπελοι hoi ámpeloi
Genitive	τοῦ ἀμπέλου toû ampélou	τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν toîn ampéloin	τῶν ἀμπέλων tôn ampélōn
Dative	τῷ ἀμπέλῳ tôi ampélōi	τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν toîn ampéloin	τοῖς ἀμπέλοις toîs ampélois
Accusative	τὸν ἄμπελον tòn ámpelon	τὼ ἀμπέλω tṑ ampélō	τοὺς ἀμπέλους toùs ampélous
Vocative	ἄμπελε ámpele	ἀμπέλω ampélō	ἄμπελοι ámpeloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὀ ἄμπελος; τοῦ ἀμπέλω (Lesbian)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὀ ἄμπελος o ámpelos	τὼ ἀμπέλω tṑ ampélō	οἰ ἄμπελοι oi ámpeloi
Genitive	τοῦ ἀμπέλω toû ampélō	τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν toîn ampéloin	τῶν ἀμπέλων tôn ampélōn
Dative	τῶ ἀμπέλω tô ampélō	τοῖν ἀμπέλοιν toîn ampéloin	τοῖς ἀμπέλοισῐ / ἀμπέλοισῐν toîs ampéloisi(n)
Accusative	τὸν ἄμπελον tòn ámpelon	τὼ ἀμπέλω tṑ ampélō	τοῖς ἀμπέλοις toîs ampélois
Vocative	ἄμπελε ámpele	ἀμπέλω ampélō	ἄμπελοι ámpeloi
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

ἀμπέλινος (ampélinos)
ἀμπέλιον (ampélion)
ἄμπελος ἀγρία (ámpelos agría)
ἄμπελος λευκή (ámpelos leukḗ) (Bryonia cretica, bryony)
ἄμπελος μέλαινα (ámpelos mélaina) (Tamus communis ⇒ Dioscorea communis, black bryony)
ἄμπελος ποντία (ámpelos pontía) (Fucus volubilis?, wrack, probably some species of Fucus)'
ἀμπελών (ampelṓn)

Descendants

Greek: άμπελος (ámpelos)
Latin: ampelos

References

ἄμπελος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἄμπελος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἄμπελος in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἄμπελος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἄμπελος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἄμπελος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
ἄμπελος in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G288 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
ἄμπελος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- vine idem, page 953.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 91

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.