ἄριστος

See also: άριστος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éristos (“fittest”), the superlative of *h₂er- (“to fit, be suitable”). Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (arra-, “wash”), Tocharian A yär- (“wash”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.ris.tos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ris.tos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ris.tos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ris.tos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ris.tos/

Adjective

ᾰ̓́ρῐστος • (áristos) m (feminine ᾰ̓ρῐ́στη, neuter ᾰ̓́ρῐστον); first/second declension

superlative degree of ᾰ̓γᾰθός (agathós): best

Usage notes

Used as the superlative of ᾰ̓γᾰθός (agathós), along with βέλτῐστος (béltistos) and κρᾰ́τῐστος (krátistos).

Declension

First and second declension of ᾰ̓́ρῐστος; ᾰ̓ρῐ́στη; ᾰ̓́ρῐστον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ᾰ̓́ρῐστος áristos	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στη arístē	ᾰ̓́ρῐστον áriston	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στᾱ arístā	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō	ᾰ̓́ρῐστοι áristoi	ᾰ̓́ρῐσται áristai	ᾰ̓́ρῐστᾰ árista
Genitive	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στου arístou	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στης arístēs	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στου arístou	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοιν arístoin	ᾰ̓ρῐ́σταιν arístain	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοιν arístoin	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στων arístōn	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στων arístōn	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στων arístōn
Dative	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στῳ arístōi	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στῃ arístēi	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στῳ arístōi	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοιν arístoin	ᾰ̓ρῐ́σταιν arístain	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοιν arístoin	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοις arístois	ᾰ̓ρῐ́σταις arístais	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοις arístois
Accusative	ᾰ̓́ρῐστον áriston	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στην arístēn	ᾰ̓́ρῐστον áriston	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στᾱ arístā	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στους arístous	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στᾱς arístās	ᾰ̓́ρῐστᾰ árista
Vocative	ᾰ̓́ρῐστε áriste	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στη arístē	ᾰ̓́ρῐστον áriston	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στᾱ arístā	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō	ᾰ̓́ρῐστοι áristoi	ᾰ̓́ρῐσται áristai	ᾰ̓́ρῐστᾰ árista
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	ᾰ̓́ρῐστᾰ árista			—			—
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Ἀρισταίνετος (Aristaínetos)
Ἀρίσταιχμος (Arístaikhmos)
Ἀρίστανδρος (Arístandros)
Ἀρίσταρχος (Arístarkhos)
Ἀρισταῖος (Aristaîos)
Ἀριστεύς (Aristeús)
ᾰ̓ρῐστεύς (aristeús)
Ἀριστόβουλος (Aristóboulos)
Ἀριστογένης (Aristogénēs)
Ἀριστόδημος (Aristódēmos)
Ἀριστοκλῆς (Aristoklês)
Ἀριστόμαχος (Aristómakhos)
Ἀριστόνοος (Aristónoos)
Ἀριστόξενος (Aristóxenos)
Ἀριστοτέλης (Aristotélēs)
Ᾰ̓ρῐστότῑμος (Aristótīmos)
Ἀριστοφάνης (Aristophánēs)
Ἀριστώνυμος (Aristṓnumos)

References

ἄριστος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἄριστος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἄριστος in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἄριστος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἄριστος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἄριστος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
ἄριστος in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
ἄριστος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- best idem, page 75.
- peerless idem, page 602.
Joseph Harold Greenberg, Indo-European and its closest relatives. 2. Lexicon. p.23

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.