Ἀφροδίτη
See also: Αφροδίτη
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
The theonym is found in Homer and Hesiod (ca. 8th century BCE).
Apparently it is a compound, ἀφρο (aphro) + δίτη (dítē), and the traditional explanation connects the first part with ἀφρός (aphrós, “foam”).[1]
There is no etymology generally accepted in scholarship. Some propose that the name in its entirety is a loan from a non-Greek language.[2][3] Older[4][5] as well as some newer studies[6] propose a Greek etymology, connecting -δίτη (-dítē) with the verb δέατο (déato, “to shine, to appear, seem”) (Homeric δῆλος (dêlos, “visible, conspicuous, clear”)) and interpret the name as originating from a epithet of the dawn goddess Ἠώς (Ēṓs).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.pʰro.dǐː.tɛː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /a.pʰroˈdi.te/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /a.ɸroˈði.ti/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /a.froˈði.ti/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /a.froˈði.ti/
Proper noun
Ἀφροδῑ́τη • (Aphrodī́tē) f (genitive Ἀφροδίτης); first declension
Inflection
Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ Ἀφροδῑ́τη hē Aphrodī́tē | ||||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς Ἀφροδῑ́της tês Aphrodī́tēs | ||||||||||||
Dative | τῇ Ἀφροδῑ́τῃ têi Aphrodī́tēi | ||||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν Ἀφροδῑ́την tḕn Aphrodī́tēn | ||||||||||||
Vocative | Ἀφροδῑ́τη Aphrodī́tē | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ἀφροδίσιος (aphrodísios)
- ἀφροδίσια (aphrodísia)
- ἀφροδισιάς (aphrodisiás)
- ἀφροδισιακός (aphrodisiakós)
- ἀφροδισιάζω (aphrodisiázō)
- ἀφροδισιασμός (aphrodisiasmós)
- ἀφροδισιαστής (aphrodisiastḗs)
- ἀφροδισιαστικός (aphrodisiastikós)
Descendants
References
- Ἀφροδίτη in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Ἀφροδίτη in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Ἀφροδίτη in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- Ἀφροδίτη in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Ἀφροδίτη in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,001
- Paul Kretschmer, “Zum pamphylischen Dialekt”, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiet der Indogermanischen Sprachen 33 (1895): 267.
- Robert Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek, vol. 1 (Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2010), 179.
- Martin Litchfield West, “The Name of Aphrodite”, Glotta 76 (2000): 134-8.
- Ernst Maaß, “Aphrodite und die hl. Pelagia”, Neue Jahrbücher für das klassische Altertum 27 (1911): 457-468.
- Vittore Pisani, “Akmon e Dieus”, Archivio glottologico italiano 24 (1930): 65-73.
- Michael Janda, Elysion. Entstehung und Entwicklung der griechischen Religion, (Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen, 2005), pp. 349–360; id., Die Musik nach dem Chaos: der Schöpfungsmythos der europäischen Vorzeit (Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen, 2010), 65.
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