ἰσχίον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἴσχω (ískhō, “to hold”), itself a reduplicated present of ἔχω (ékhō, “to have”). Originally the thigh socket, i.e. the "cup" (κοτύλη (kotúlē)) holding the hip-bone.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /is.kʰí.on/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /isˈkʰi.on/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /isˈxi.on/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /isˈçi.on/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /isˈçi.on/

Noun

ῐ̓σχῐ́ον • (iskhíon) n (genitive ῐ̓σχῐ́ου); second declension

(Epic, Ionic, Attic, Koine)

(anatomy) hip-joint
800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.5:
τῷ βάλεν Αἰνείαο κατ᾽ ἰσχίον, ἔνθα τε μηρὸς
ἰσχίῳ ἐνστρέφεται, κοτύλην δέ τέ μιν καλέουσιν
tôi bálen Aineíao kat᾽ iskhíon, éntha te mēròs
iskhíōi enstréphetai, kotúlēn dé té min kaléousin
1924 translation by Murray
[he smote Aeneas] on the hip, where the thigh turns in the hip joint,—the cup, men call it
area around the hip-joint; haunch

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ ῐ̓σχῐ́ον; τοῦ ῐ̓σχῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ῐ̓σχῐ́ον tò iskhíon	τὼ ῐ̓σχῐ́ω tṑ iskhíō	τᾰ̀ ῐ̓σχῐ́ᾰ tà iskhía
Genitive	τοῦ ῐ̓σχῐ́ου toû iskhíou	τοῖν ῐ̓σχῐ́οιν toîn iskhíoin	τῶν ῐ̓σχῐ́ων tôn iskhíōn
Dative	τῷ ῐ̓σχῐ́ῳ tôi iskhíōi	τοῖν ῐ̓σχῐ́οιν toîn iskhíoin	τοῖς ῐ̓σχῐ́οις toîs iskhíois
Accusative	τὸ ῐ̓σχῐ́ον tò iskhíon	τὼ ῐ̓σχῐ́ω tṑ iskhíō	τᾰ̀ ῐ̓σχῐ́ᾰ tà iskhía
Vocative	ῐ̓σχῐ́ον iskhíon	ῐ̓σχῐ́ω iskhíō	ῐ̓σχῐ́ᾰ iskhía
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Latin: ischion, ischium
English: ischium, ischiatic, sciatic

References

ἰσχίον in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἰσχίον in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἰσχίον in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἰσχίον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἰσχίον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963

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