ὀπός

From earlier *ὁπός (*hopós), which underwent Ionic psilosis. From Proto-Indo-European *sokʷos (“juice, resin”). Cognate with Russian сок (sok) and Latin sūcus.

ὀπός • (opós) m (genitive ὀποῦ); second declension

1. juice, vegetable/plant juice
2. (in particular) fig-juice (which can be used as rennet)
   • Iliad, 5.902–904:

     ὡς δ᾽ ὅτ᾽ ὀπὸς γάλα λευκὸν ἐπειγόμενος συνέπηξεν

     ὑγρὸν ἐόν, μάλα δ᾽ ὦκα περιτρέφεται κυκόωντι,

     ὣς ἄρα καρπαλίμως ἰήσατο θοῦρον Ἄρηα.

     Robert Fagles’ translation (1990):

     Quickly as fig-juice, pressed into bubbly, creamy milk,

     curdles it firm for the man who churns it round,

     so quickly he healed the violent rushing Ares.

• ὀπός in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ὀπός in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ὀπός in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ὀπός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ὀπός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ὀπός in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • fig idem, page 318.
  • juice idem, page 465.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill