ὀφθαλμός

See also: οφθαλμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Beekes, of Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /opʰ.tʰal.mós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /opʰ.tʰalˈmos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /oɸ.θalˈmos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /of.θalˈmos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /of.θalˈmos/

Noun

ὀφθαλμός • (ophthalmós) m (genitive ὀφθαλμοῦ); second declension

eye
sight
understanding
that which is dearest or best
the bud of a plant (such as the eye of a potato)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ὀφθαλμός; τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ὀφθαλμός ho ophthalmós	τὼ ὀφθαλμώ tṑ ophthalmṓ	οἱ ὀφθαλμοί hoi ophthalmoí
Genitive	τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ toû ophthalmoû	τοῖν ὀφθαλμοῖν toîn ophthalmoîn	τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν tôn ophthalmôn
Dative	τῷ ὀφθαλμῷ tôi ophthalmôi	τοῖν ὀφθαλμοῖν toîn ophthalmoîn	τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς toîs ophthalmoîs
Accusative	τὸν ὀφθαλμόν tòn ophthalmón	τὼ ὀφθαλμώ tṑ ophthalmṓ	τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς toùs ophthalmoús
Vocative	ὀφθαλμέ ophthalmé	ὀφθαλμώ ophthalmṓ	ὀφθαλμοί ophthalmoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὀφθαλμός; ὀφθαλμοῦ (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὀφθαλμός ophthalmós	ὀφθαλμώ ophthalmṓ	ὀφθαλμοί ophthalmoí
Genitive	ὀφθαλμοῦ / ὀφθαλμοῖο / ὀφθαλμόο ophthalmoû / ophthalmoîo / ophthalmóo	ὀφθαλμοῖῐν ophthalmoîin	ὀφθαλμῶν ophthalmôn
Dative	ὀφθαλμῷ ophthalmôi	ὀφθαλμοῖῐν ophthalmoîin	ὀφθαλμοῖσῐ / ὀφθαλμοῖσῐν / ὀφθαλμοῖς ophthalmoîsi(n) / ophthalmoîs
Accusative	ὀφθαλμόν ophthalmón	ὀφθαλμώ ophthalmṓ	ὀφθαλμούς ophthalmoús
Vocative	ὀφθαλμέ ophthalmé	ὀφθαλμώ ophthalmṓ	ὀφθαλμοί ophthalmoí
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

Greek: οφθαλμός (ofthalmós)

References

ὀφθαλμός in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ὀφθαλμός in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ὀφθαλμός in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ὀφθαλμός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
ὀφθαλμός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ὀφθαλμός in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G3788 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
ὀφθαλμός in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- bud idem, page 102.
- countenance idem, page 177.
- eye idem, page 299.
- face idem, page 299.
- gaze idem, page 355.
- glance idem, page 361.
- look idem, page 498.
- sight idem, page 774.
- vision idem, page 954.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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