ⲙⲉ

Coptic

Alternative forms

ⲙⲉⲓ (mei) – Bohairic
ⲙⲉⲓⲉ (meie) – Akhmimic
ⲙⲏⲓ (mēi) – Fayyumic

Etymology

From Demotic mr (“to love”), from Egyptian mrj (“to love”).

Verb

ⲙⲉ (me) (nominal state ⲙⲉⲣⲉ, pronominal state ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ, stative ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ, imperative ⲙⲉⲣⲁⲧⲉ)

(Sahidic) to love

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⲙⲉ (Sahidic dialect)(See Appendix:Coptic verbs)

		singular					plural			Nominative
infinitive		ⲉⲙⲉ eme	negative infinitive	ⲉⲧⲙⲙⲉ etmme
imperative		ⲙⲉ me	negative imperative	ⲙⲡⲣⲙⲉ mprme
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
present	-	ϯⲙⲉ time	ⲕⲙⲉ kme	ⲧⲉⲙⲉ teme	ϥⲙⲉ fme	ⲥⲙⲉ sme	ⲧⲛⲙⲉ tnme	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ tetnme	ⲥⲉⲙⲉ seme	ⲙⲉ me
	focalising	ⲉⲓⲙⲉ eime	ⲉⲕⲙⲉ ekme	ⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ ereme	ⲉϥⲙⲉ efme	ⲉⲥⲙⲉ esme	ⲉⲛⲙⲉ enme	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ etetnme	ⲉⲩⲙⲉ eume	ⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ ereme
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓⲙⲉ neime	ⲛⲉⲕⲙⲉ nekme	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ nereme	ⲛⲉϥⲙⲉ nefme	ⲛⲉⲥⲙⲉ nesme	ⲛⲉⲛⲙⲉ nenme	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ netetnme	ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲉ neume	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ nereme
	relative	ⲉϯⲙⲉ etime	ⲉⲧⲕⲙⲉ etkme	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉ eteme	ⲉⲧϥⲙⲉ etfme	ⲉⲧⲥⲙⲉ etsme	ⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ etnme	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ etetnme	ⲉⲧⲥⲙⲉ etsme	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ etereme
future	-	ϯⲛⲁⲙⲉ tiname	ⲕⲛⲁⲙⲉ kname	ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉ tename	ϥⲛⲁⲙⲉ fname	ⲥⲛⲁⲙⲉ sname	ⲧⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉ tnname	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲙⲉ tetname	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉ sename
	focalising	ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲙⲉ einame	ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲙⲉ ekname	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉ erename	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲉ efname	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲙⲉ esname	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉ enname	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉ etetnname	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲙⲉ euname	ⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ ereme
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓⲛⲁⲙⲉ neiname	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲙⲉ nekname	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉ nerename	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲉ nefname	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲙⲉ nesname	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉ nenname	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉ netetnname	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲙⲉ neuname	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ nereme
Non-durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
past	affirmative	ⲁⲓⲙⲉ aime	ⲁⲕⲙⲉ akme	ⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉ areme	ⲁϥⲙⲉ afme	ⲁⲥⲙⲉ asme	ⲁⲛⲙⲉ anme	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ atetnme	ⲁⲩⲙⲉ aume	ⲁⲙⲉ ame
	negative	ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲉ mpime	ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲙⲉ mpekme	ⲙⲡⲉⲙⲉ mpeme	ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲉ mpefme	ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲙⲉ mpesme	ⲙⲡⲛⲙⲉ mpnme	ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ mpetnme	ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲙⲉ mpoume	ⲙⲡⲉⲙⲉ mpeme
	focalising	ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲙⲉ ntaime	ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲙⲉ ntakme	ⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉ ntareme	ⲛⲧⲁϥⲙⲉ ntafme	ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲙⲉ ntasme	ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲙⲉ ntanme	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲛⲙⲉ ntatnme	ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲙⲉ ntaume	ⲛⲧⲁⲙⲉ ntame
	relative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓⲙⲉ entaime	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲙⲉ entakme	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉ entareme	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲙⲉ entafme	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲙⲉ entasme	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲙⲉ entanme	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲛⲙⲉ entatnme	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲙⲉ entaume	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲙⲉ entame
not yet		ⲙⲡⲁϯⲙⲉ mpatime	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲕⲙⲉ mpatkme	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲙⲉ mpateme	ⲙⲡⲁⲧϥⲙⲉ mpatfme	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲥⲙⲉ mpatsme	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲛⲙⲉ mpatnme	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ mpatetnme	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉ mpatoume	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲙⲉ mpateme
aorist	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓⲙⲉ šaime	ϣⲁⲕⲙⲉ šakme	ϣⲁⲣⲙⲉ šarme	ϣⲁϥⲙⲉ šafme	ϣⲁⲥⲙⲉ šasme	ϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ šanme	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ šatetnme	ϣⲁⲩⲙⲉ šaume	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉ šareme
aorist	negative	ⲙⲉⲓⲙⲉ meime	ⲙⲉⲕⲙⲉ mekme	ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ mereme	ⲙⲉϥⲙⲉ mefme	ⲙⲉⲥⲙⲉ mesme	ⲙⲉⲛⲙⲉ menme	ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ metetnme	ⲙⲉⲩⲙⲉ meume	ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ mereme
optative	affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉⲙⲉ eieme	ⲉⲕⲉⲙⲉ ekeme	ⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ ereme	ⲉϥⲉⲙⲉ efeme	ⲉⲥⲉⲙⲉ eseme	ⲉⲛⲉⲙⲉ eneme	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲙⲉ etetneme	ⲉⲩⲉⲙⲉ eueme	ⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ ereme
optative	negative	ⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉ nname	ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲙⲉ nnekme	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉ nneme	ⲛⲛⲉϥⲙⲉ nnefme	ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲙⲉ nnesme	ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲙⲉ nnenme	ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ nnetnme	ⲛⲛⲉⲩⲙⲉ nneume	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉ nneme
affirmative jussive		ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲙⲉ marime			ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲙⲉ marefme	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲙⲉ maresme	ⲙⲁⲣⲛⲙⲉ marnme		ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲙⲉ maroume	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉ mareme
negative jussive, negative causative		ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁⲙⲉ mprtrame			ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥⲙⲉ mprtrefme	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥⲙⲉ mprtresme	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛⲙⲉ mprtrenme		ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩⲙⲉ mprtreume	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲙⲉ mprtreme
Subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
precursive		ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲓⲙⲉ nterime	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲙⲉ nterekme	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ ntereme	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲙⲉ nterefme	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲙⲉ nteresme	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲙⲉ nterenme	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ nteretnme	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲙⲉ nteroume	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉ ntereme
conditional		ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ eišanme	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ ekšanme	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ eršanme	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ efšanme	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ esšanme	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ enšanme	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ etetnšanme	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ eušanme	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲙⲉ eršanme
limitative		ϣⲁⲛⲧⲓⲙⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲙⲉ šantime, šantame	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕⲙⲉ šantkme	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲙⲉ šanteme	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥⲙⲉ šantfme	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥⲙⲉ šantsme	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛⲙⲉ šantnme	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ šantetnme	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉ šantoume	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲙⲉ šanteme
conjunctive		ⲛⲧⲓⲙⲉ, ⲛⲧⲁⲙⲉ ntime, ntame	ⲛⲧⲅⲙⲉ ntgme	ⲛⲧⲉⲙⲉ nteme	ⲛϥⲙⲉ nfme	ⲛⲥⲙⲉ nsme	ⲛⲧⲛⲙⲉ ntnme	ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ ntetnme	ⲛⲥⲉⲙⲉ nseme	ⲛⲧⲉⲙⲉ nteme
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁⲙⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲙⲉ tame, tarime	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲙⲉ tarekme	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉ tareme	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲙⲉ tarefme	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲙⲉ taresme	ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲙⲉ tarnme	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛⲙⲉ taretnme	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲙⲉ taroume	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉ tareme

References

Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN

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