はる

Japanese

Noun

はる (rōmaji haru)

  1. 春: spring (season)

Verb

はる (godan conjugation, rōmaji haru)

  1. 張る: stretch, tighten, strain; freeze, turf
  2. 貼る: stick, paste, post, paper

Suffix

はる (rōmaji -haru)

  1. (Kansai) verbal suffix expressing respect to subject of verb; X-a-haru is equivalent to standard o-X-i ni naru.
    • 2005 August 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第だい六十五訓くん　外がい見けんだけで人ひとを判はん断だんしちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Look]”, in 銀ぎん魂たま [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
      土 (ひじ)方 (かた)はんって　二 (に)枚 (まい)目 (め)やしクールやし
      Hijikata-hantte nimaime yashi kūru yashi
      Hijikata-han, yer so cool and handsome!
      さぞモテはるんでしょ？
      Sazo moteharun desho?
      Ah bet yer very popular with the ladies! Ain’t ya?
      そうでもねーよ
      Sō demo nē yo
      Nah, not really
      いややわ〰ウソばっかり
      Iyayawa~ Uso bakkari
      No way〰 I don’t believe that
      土 (ひじ)方 (かた)はん　土 (ひじ)方 (かた)はん
      Hijikata-han Hijikata-han
      Hijikata-han, Hijikata-han
      アレ？それ　何 (なに)食 (た)べてはるん？
      Are? Sore nani tabete harun?
      Eh? What yer eatin’ there?
      お茶 (ちゃ)づけ土 (ひじ)方 (かた)スペシャルだ　食 (く)うか？
      Ochazuke Hijikata Supesharu da Kuu ka?
      Ochazuke Hijikata Special. Want some?

Usage notes

Characteristic of Kyoto 敬語 (keigo, honorific/court language), used throughout Kansai dialect. Intermediate in politeness between base (informal) form of verb and polite -masu form, though in Kyoto widely used in casual speech, and much closer to informal.

  • In Osaka and surrounding areas, attaches to -masu stem.
  • In Kyoto and surrounding areas, such as Nara and Shiga, attaches to -a inflection of verb; with vowel stems, takes epenthetic -ya-: toor-u → toora-haru (= otoori ni naru). ik-u → ika-haru (= irassharu). mi-ru → miya-haru (= goran nasaru). suru → shi-haru. kuru → ki-haru. i-ru (to be) → iya-haru.
  • After て form of verb, sometimes て changes た, is equivalent to irassharu: kangae-te haru (= kangaete irassharu).
  • 〜はる can in turn take ます for additional politeness, yielding 〜はります, and other polite endings such as 〜んです, yielding 〜はるんです.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "はる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) はら hara
Continuative (連用形) はり hari
Terminal (終止形) はる haru
Attributive (連体形) はる haru
Hypothetical (仮定形) はれ¹ hare¹
Imperative (命令形) はれ¹ hare¹
Key constructions
Passive - -
Causative - -
Potential - -
Volitional - -
Negative はらへん
はれへん
はらん		 harahen
harehen
haran
Negative continuative - -
Formal はります harimasu
Perfective はった hatta
Conjunctive はって hatte
Hypothetical conditional はれば¹
はったら		 hareba¹
hattara
¹ Rare, especially Imperative form.

References
  • Palter, DC and Slotsve, Kaoru Horiuchi (1995). Colloquial Kansai Japanese: The Dialects And Culture of the Kansai Region. Boston: Charles E. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3723-6, pp. 32–34
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