亡くなる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 亡 |
| な Grade: 6 |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology
The adverbial -く (-ku) form of adjective 無い (nai, “not, missing, not present”) + verb なる (naru, “to become”): literally, "to become not, to become nonexistent".[1][2]
The 亡 spelling of the na- root of nai and naku naru is reserved for the meaning of "dead, gone".
Pronunciation
Conjugation
Conjugation of "亡くなる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 亡くなら | なくなら | naku nara |
| Continuative (連用形) | 亡くなり | なくなり | naku nari |
| Terminal (終止形) | 亡くなる | なくなる | naku naru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 亡くなる | なくなる | naku naru |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 亡くなれ | なくなれ | naku nare |
| Imperative (命令形) | 亡くなれ | なくなれ | naku nare |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 亡くなられる | なくなられる | naku narareru |
| Causative | 亡くならせる 亡くならす |
なくならせる なくならす |
naku naraseru naku narasu |
| Potential | 亡くなれる | なくなれる | naku nareru |
| Volitional | 亡くなろう | なくなろう | naku narō |
| Negative | 亡くならない | なくならない | naku naranai |
| Negative continuative | 亡くならず | なくならず | naku narazu |
| Formal | 亡くなります | なくなります | naku narimasu |
| Perfective | 亡くなった | なくなった | naku natta |
| Conjunctive | 亡くなって | なくなって | naku natte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 亡くなれば | なくなれば | naku nareba |
Synonyms
- See Thesaurus:死ぬ
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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