忍ぶ
Japanese
Kanji in this term |
---|
忍 |
しの Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Etymology
/sino2bu/ > /sinobu/.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɕino̞bɯ̟ᵝ]
Verb
忍ぶ (ichidan conjugation, hiragana しのぶ, rōmaji shinobu)
- to conceal, to hide
- to suppress or hide one's feelings
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 2, poem 129)
- 古之 嫗尓為而也 如此許 恋尓将沈 如手童児 一云 恋乎大尓忍金手武多和良波乃如
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 3, poem 472)
- 世間之 常如此耳跡 可都知跡 痛情者 不忍都毛
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 11, poem 2590)
- 石根踏 夜道不行 念跡 妹依者 忍金津毛
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 11, poem 2635)
- 剱刀 身尓佩副流 大夫也 恋云物乎 忍金手武
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 11, poem 2752)
- 吾妹児乎 聞都賀野辺能 靡合歓木 吾者隠不得 間無念者
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 12, poem 2987)
- 梓弓 引而不緩 大夫哉 恋云物乎 忍不得牟
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 17, poem 3940)
- 余呂豆代尓 許己呂波刀気氐 和我世古我 都美之手見都追 志乃備加祢都母
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 2, poem 129)
- to endure, to bear, to restrain oneself
Conjugation
Conjugation of "忍ぶ" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 忍ば | しのば | shinoba |
Continuative (連用形) | 忍び | しのび | shinobi |
Terminal (終止形) | 忍ぶ | しのぶ | shinobu |
Attributive (連体形) | 忍ぶ | しのぶ | shinobu |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 忍べ | しのべ | shinobe |
Imperative (命令形) | 忍べ | しのべ | shinobe |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 忍ばれる | しのばれる | shinobareru |
Causative | 忍ばせる 忍ばす |
しのばせる しのばす |
shinobaseru shinobasu |
Potential | 忍べる | しのべる | shinoberu |
Volitional | 忍ぼう | しのぼう | shinobō |
Negative | 忍ばない | しのばない | shinobanai |
Negative continuative | 忍ばず | しのばず | shinobazu |
Formal | 忍びます | しのびます | shinobimasu |
Perfective | 忍んだ | しのんだ | shinonda |
Conjunctive | 忍んで | しのんで | shinonde |
Hypothetical conditional | 忍べば | しのべば | shinobeba |
References
- Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1999, →ISBN.
- Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 2: Man’yōshū 2 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2000, →ISBN.
- Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 3: Man’yōshū 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2002, →ISBN.
- Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man’yōshū 4 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2003, →ISBN.
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