擅自

Chinese

		usurp; without authority	from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since
simp. and trad. (擅自)		擅	自

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shànzì

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˋ ㄗˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sin⁶ zi⁶
Min Nan (POJ): siān-chīr / siān-chū

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: shànzì
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ ㄗˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanntzyh
  - IPA ^(key): /ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: sin⁶ zi⁶
  - Yale: sihn jih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sin⁶ dzi⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xin⁶ ji⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /siːn²² t͡siː²²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siān-chīr
  - Tâi-lô: siān-tsīr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɛn⁴¹⁻²² t͡sɯ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siān-chū
  - Tâi-lô: siān-tsū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siexnzu
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕiɛn²²⁻²¹ t͡su²²/

Adverb

擅自

without permission or authorization
on one's own initiative

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