漫画

Chinese
For pronunciation and definitions of 漫画 – see 漫畫 (“comics; caricature; cartoon; manga; manhua”).
(This term, 漫画, is the simplified form of 漫畫.)
Notes:

Japanese
漫画 (manga): a sample image in a modern manga style.
Kanji in this term
漫 画
まん
Grade: S		 が
Grade: 2
goon

Etymology

/manɡwa/ → /manɡa/

Coined in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements, as a compound of 漫 (man, “as one pleases”) +‎ 画 (ga, “picture”).[1] First appears in 1798 in the foreword to Santō Kyōden's picture book 四時交加 (Shīshi Kōga) already using the modern kanji spelling of 漫画.[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

漫画 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 漫畫, hiragana まんが, katakana マンガ, rōmaji manga, historical hiragana まんぐわ)

  1. (drawing, painting) a drawing or painting made as one pleases without restraint, such as those by Hokusai Manga
  2. (art) a caricature (pictorial representation of someone or something for comic effect)
  3. a comic (cartoon story)

Usage notes
  • This is an example of a word that can be spelled with katakana to convey an informal conversational tone, as マンガ.
  • All comics in general are called 漫画 (manga) in Japanese. In other countries, the romanization manga is typically used for comics produced primarily for the Japanese market.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Danish: manga (“Japanese comics”)
  • → English: manga (“Japanese comics”)
  • → French: manga (“Japanese comics”)
  • → Indonesian: manga (“Japanese comics”)
  • → Korean: 만화 (manhwa, “comics”)
    • → English: manhwa (“Korean comics”)
  • → Mandarin: 漫畫 (mànhuà, “comics”)
    • → English: manhua (“Chinese comics”)
  • → Portuguese: mangá (“Japanese comics”)
  • → Russian: ма́нга (mánga, “Japanese comics”)

References
  1. 2013, Yoshiko Fukushima, Manga Discourse in Japan Theatre, p19, ISBN=9781136772733
  2. 1798, 山東京伝 (Santō Kyōden), 四時交加 (Shīshi Kōga, “Four-o'clock Traffic”), published by 鶴屋喜右衛門 (Tsuruya Kiemon); relevant text shown towards the bottom of the second column from the right in the online copy (in Japanese) in the collection of the 国立国会図書館 (Kokuritsu Kokkai Toshokan, “National Diet Library”) (accessed 2018-11-07)
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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