覚める
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 覚 |
| さ Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
Alternative forms
Verb
覚める (intransitive, ichidan conjugation, hiragana さめる, rōmaji sameru)
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 覚ます |
| mediopassive | 覚める |
Conjugation
Conjugation of "覚める" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 覚め | さめ | same | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 覚め | さめ | same | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 覚める | さめる | sameru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 覚める | さめる | sameru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 覚めれ | さめれ | samere | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 覚めよ¹ 覚めろ² |
さめよ¹ さめろ² |
sameyo¹ samero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 覚められる | さめられる | samerareru | |
| Causative | 覚めさせる 覚めさす |
さめさせる さめさす |
samesaseru samesasu | |
| Potential | 覚められる 覚めれる³ |
さめられる さめれる³ |
samerareru samereru³ | |
| Volitional | 覚めよう | さめよう | sameyō | |
| Negative | 覚めない 覚めぬ 覚めん |
さめない さめぬ さめん |
samenai samenu samen | |
| Negative continuative | 覚めず | さめず | samezu | |
| Formal | 覚めます | さめます | samemasu | |
| Perfective | 覚めた | さめた | sameta | |
| Conjunctive | 覚めて | さめて | samete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 覚めれば | さめれば | samereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Classical conjugation of "覚む" (マ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 覚め | さめ | same |
| Continuative (連用形) | 覚め | さめ | same |
| Terminal (終止形) | 覚む | さむ | samu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 覚むる | さむる | samuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 覚むれ | さむれ | samure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 覚めよ | さめよ | sameyo |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 覚めず | さめず | samezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 覚むれど | さむれど | samuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 覚むれば | さむれば | samureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 覚めば | さめば | sameba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 覚めき | さめき | sameki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 覚めけり | さめけり | samekeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 覚めつ | さめつ | sametu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 覚めぬ | さめぬ | samenu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 覚めたり | さめたり | sametari |
References
- Hirayama, Tetsuo (1960) 全国アクセント辞典 (Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: 東京堂,.
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