黄砂

See also: 黃砂

Chinese
For pronunciation and definitions of 黄砂 – see 黃砂 (“yellow sand; loess; Asian Dust; etc.”).
(This term, 黄砂, is the simplified form of 黃砂.)
Notes:

Japanese

Etymology 1
黄砂: Kyōto, spring 2010, with the skies full of yellow sand (Asian Dust).
The Taklamakan Desert, source of the Asian Dust.
Kanji in this term
黄 砂
こう
Grade: 2		 さ
Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 黃砂 (MC ɦwɑŋ ʃˠa, “yellow sand”). Compare modern Mandarin 黃砂／黄砂 (huángshā).

Kan'on reading of both characters, suggesting a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

黄砂 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 黃砂, hiragana こうさ, rōmaji kōsa, historical hiragana くわうさ)

  1. yellow sand
  2. loess
  3. (figuratively) a desert
  4. Asian Dust
  5. (figuratively) a gaol (UK), jail (US), prison
Synonyms
  • (desert): 砂漠 (さばく, ​sabaku)
  • (prison, jail, gaol): 牢獄 (ろうごく, ​rōgoku)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
黄 砂
おう
Grade: 2		 さ
Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese. Goon reading of first character, kan'on reading of second, suggesting an alteration in Japan after the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

黄砂 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 黃砂, hiragana おうさ, rōmaji ōsa, historical hiragana わうさ) (rare)

  1. (see kōsa reading above)

References
  1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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