-DZIL
Navajo
Etymology
From Proto-Athabaskan *dzəl (“to be solid, firm, thick”). Compare also Navajo dziil (“strength”) and dził (“mountain”).
Root
-DZIL
1. to make an effort, to strain
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| l | motion |
S is straining, makes an effort
|
|||||
| d |
S is straining
|
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ł | operative |
S stiffens
|
|||||
| ł | adjectival |
S is strong, firm, able to endure P
|
|||||
| Ø | adjectival |
S is strong
|
Stem set
| Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOM | -dzííł | -dzil | -dził | -dził | -dzííł |
| CONT | -dzil | -dzil | -dził | -dził | -dzil |
| DUR | -dził | -dzil | -dził | -dził | -dził |
| NEUT | -dzil | - | - | - | - |
| NEUT | -dziil | - | - | - | - |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -DZIL (strong)
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