Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/quzaN

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔuɟ͡ʝalʲ/, /quɟ͡ʝalʲ/

Noun

*quzaN

rain

Descendants

Formosan
- Paiwan: qudjalj
- Northern Formosan
  - Thao: qusaz
- Eastern Formosan
  - Kavalan: ʔuzan
Malayo-Polynesian: *quzan (“rain”)
- Philippine
  - Northern Philippine
    - Northern Luzon
      - Pangasinic
        Pangasinan: oran
  - Central Philippine
    - Tagalog: ulan
    - Bikol
      - Coastal Bikol
        Central Bikol: uran
    - Visayan
      - Cebuano: ulan
  - Mindanao
    - Manobo
      - Northern Manobo
        Binukid: uzan
    - Danao
      - Maranao: oran
- Bornean
  - North Bornean
    - North Sarawakan
      - Kelabit: udan
  - Barito
    - East Barito
      - Malagasy: orana
- Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian
  - Northwest Sumatra
    - Batak
      - Southern Batak
        Toba Batak: udan
  - Sunda-Sulawesi
    - Old Javanese: udan
    - Moken: kujan
    - Malayo-Sumbawan
      - Sundanese: hujan
      - Balinese: ujan
      - Malayic
        Malayan
        Malay: hujan
        Malacca (Riau) Malay
        Indonesian: hujan
        
        Ibanic
        Iban: ujan
    - Palauan: chull
    - Chamorro: uchan
  - Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
    - Timor-Babar
      - Tetumic
        Tetum: udan
      - South-East Timor
        Luangic
        Leti: utna
- Oceanic: *qusan (“rain”)
  - Micronesian
    - Nuclear Micronesian
      - Marshallese: wōt (“rain”), ute (“to rain on”)
      - Chuukic-Pohnpeic
        Chuukic
        Chuukese: wúút
        
        Puluwat: wút
        
        Saipan Carolinian: úút
        
        Ulithian-Woleaian
        Woleaian: uute
        
        Echangese
        Sonsorolese: wúúta
        
        Pohnpeic
        Mokilese: wud (“rain, to rain”)
  - Western Oceanic
    - Meso-Melanesian
      - Bali-Vitu
        Muduapa: huza
  - Southeast Solomonic
    - Malaita-San Cristobal
      - San Cristobal
        Arosi: uta
  - Central Pacific
    - Western Fijian-Rotuman
      - Rotuman: usa
    - Eastern Fijian
      - Fijian: uca
      - Polynesian: *quha (“rain”)
        Tongic
        Tongan: ʻuha (“rain, to rain, rainy, wet”)
        
        Niuean: uha
        
        Nuclear Polynesian
        Ellicean
        Samoic
        Samoan-Tokelauan
        Samoan: ua
        
        Eastern Polynesian
        Tahitic
        Maori: ua (“rain, to rain”)
        
        Marquesic
        Hawaiian: ua (“rain, to rain, rainy”)

References

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