< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/esoxs

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Unknown.

Noun

*esoxs m [1][2][3]

  1. salmon

Declension
Masculine/feminine consonant stem
singular dual plural
nominative *esoxs *esoke *esokes
vocative *esoxs *esoke *esokes
accusative *esokam *esoke *esokās
genitive *esokos *esokou *esokom
dative *esokē *esokobom *esokobos
instrumental *esoke? *esokobim *esokobis

Derived terms
  • Brythonic: *ehọg (< *esākos, perhaps analogously reshaped after *-ākos[1][2], or less convincingly[1], from *ēsākos, a conflation of *ɸēskos + *-ākos (compare íascach (“fish”))[4][3])
    • Middle Breton: eheuc
    • Middle Welsh: ehawc
    • Old Cornish: ehoc
  • Old Irish: eó
  • Gallaecian: *īsis
    • → Vulgar Latin: *īsice[5]
      • Old Portuguese: [Term?]
        • Galician: irce
        • Portuguese: irze
  • Gaulish: *esoks[2]
  • → Basque: izokin

References
  1. Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “esox”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 3rd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 167
  2. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*esok-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 119
  3. Schrijver, Peter. 1997. "Animal, vegetable and mineral: some Western European substratum words". In: Lubotsky, A. Sound Law and Analogy, pp. 293–316. Amsterdam/Atlanta.
  4. Pijnenburg, W.J.J. (1983), Olr. eo, Lat. esox, Basque izoki(n) "salmon", Orbis 32, pages 241–252.
  5. Lief, Eric Adler Thesis (2006), “Syncope in Spanish and Portuguese: The Diachrony of Hispano-Romance Phonotactics”, in A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University‎
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