< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wastos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Uncertain. Sometimes derived from Proto-Indo-European *upo-sth₂-o-s (“standing beneath”)[1][2], however such a reconstruction would have yielded Proto-Celtic **wossos.[3]

Noun

*wastos m [3]

  1. servant

Declension
Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *wastos *wastou *wastoi
vocative *waste *wastou *wastūs
accusative *wastom *wastou *wastūs
genitive *wastī *wastous *wastom
dative *wastūi *wastobom *wastobos
instrumental *wastū *wastobim *wastobis

Descendants
  • Brythonic: *gwass
    • Middle Breton: uuas, guas
    • Old Cornish: guas
    • Old Welsh: guas
  • Old Irish: foss
    • Scottish Gaelic: fasdadh
  • Gaulish: *uassos
    • → Medieval Latin: uassus, vassus, vassallus (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1106
  2. Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 3rd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 307
  3. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*wasto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 404
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