Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harpǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack”). Compare Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to touch; strum”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɑr.pɔ̃ː/

Noun

*harpǭ f

harp (plucked string instrument)

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *harpǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*harpǭ	*harpōniz
vocative	*harpǭ	*harpōniz
accusative	*harpōnų	*harpōnunz
genitive	*harpōniz	*harpōnǫ̂
dative	*harpōni	*harpōmaz
instrumental	*harpōnē	*harpōmiz

Descendants

Old English: hearpe
- Middle English: harpe
  - English: harp
  - Scots: harpe, herp, hairp
Old Frisian: *herpe
- West Frisian: harpe, harp
Old Saxon: harpa
- Middle Low German: harpe
  - Low German: Harp
  - Plautdietsch: Hoap
Frankish: *harpa
- Old Dutch: *harpa
  - Middle Dutch: harpe, herpe
    - Dutch: harp
      - Afrikaans: harp
- → Vulgar Latin: *harpa (see there for further descendants)
Old High German: harfa
- Middle High German: harfe, harpfe
  - German: Harfe
    - Saterland Frisian: Harfe
  - Luxembourgish: Harf
- → Czech: harfa
- → Polish: harfa
- → Russian: а́рфа (árfa)
  - → Turkmen: arfa
- → Serbo-Croatian: hȃrfa, ха̑рфа
- → Slovak: harfa
- → Slovene: harfa
- → Ukrainian: а́рфа (árfa)
Old Norse: harpa
- Icelandic: harpa
- Faroese: harpa, hørpa
- Norn: harpa
- Norwegian: harpe
- Old Swedish: harpa
  - Swedish: harpa
- Danish: harpe
- Elfdalian: arpa

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