Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haugaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“hill, elevation”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɑu̯.ɣɑz/

Noun

*haugaz m

height; hill

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *haugaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*haugaz	haugōz, haugōs
vocative	*haug	haugōz, haugōs
accusative	*haugą	*hauganz
genitive	haugas, haugis	*haugǫ̂
dative	*haugai	*haugamaz
instrumental	*haugō	*haugamiz

Related terms

*hauhaz

Descendants

Frankish: *haug
- → Old French: hoge (also possibly via Old Norse haugr); ahoge, ahuge
  - Middle English: huge
    - Scots: huge, hudge
    - English: huge
Old Saxon: *hōg
- ⇒ Middle Low German: hȫchil
Old High German: houg (in compounds: steinenhoug, marchoug, etc.)
- Middle High German: houc
- ⇒ Middle High German: hogil
  - ⇒ German: Hügel
Old Norse: haugr
- Icelandic: haugur
- Faroese: heygur, heyggjur
- Norwegian: haug
- Old Swedish: hø̄gher
  - Swedish: hög
- Old Danish: høgh
  - Middle Danish: høg, høw
    - Danish: høj
- Westrobothnian: haug
- → Middle English: houȝ, hogh, hoo
  - Scots: hog, howe, how
  - English: hough, hoe, how, howe

References

“høj” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog
hög in Svenska Akademiens ordbok online.

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