< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlaupaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *klewb- (“to spring, stumble”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxlɑu̯.pɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *hlaupaną (strong class 7)
active voice | passive voice | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
1st singular | *hlaupō | *hlaupaų | — | *hlaupai | *? |
2nd singular | *hlaupizi | *hlaupaiz | *hlaup | *hlaupazai | *hlaupaizau |
3rd singular | *hlaupidi | *hlaupai | *hlaupadau | *hlaupadai | *hlaupaidau |
1st dual | *hlaupōz | *hlaupaiw | — | — | — |
2nd dual | *hlaupadiz | *hlaupaidiz | *hlaupadiz | — | — |
1st plural | *hlaupamaz | *hlaupaim | — | *hlaupandai | *hlaupaindau |
2nd plural | *hlaupid | *hlaupaid | *hlaupid | *hlaupandai | *hlaupaindau |
3rd plural | *hlaupandi | *hlaupain | *hlaupandau | *hlaupandai | *hlaupaindau |
past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
1st singular | *hlehlaup | *hlehlaupį̄ | |||
2nd singular | *hlehlauft | *hlehlaupīz | |||
3rd singular | *hlehlaup | *hlehlaupī | |||
1st dual | *hlehlaupū | *hlehlaupīw | |||
2nd dual | *hlehlaupudiz | *hlehlaupīdiz | |||
1st plural | *hlehlaupum | *hlehlaupīm | |||
2nd plural | *hlehlaupud | *hlehlaupīd | |||
3rd plural | *hlehlaupun | *hlehlaupīn | |||
present | past | ||||
participles | *hlaupandz | *hlaupanaz |
Related terms
- *hlaupiz
- *hlaupōną
- *hluppōną
Descendants
- Old English: hlēapan
- Old Frisian: hlāpa
- Old Saxon: hlōpan
- Old Dutch: lōpan
- Old High German: hloufan, loufan
- Middle High German: loufen
- Alemannic German: laufe, lauffe, loufe
- Swabian: laufe
- Vorarlbergisch: loufa
- Bavarian: laffa
- Central Franconian: loofe, laafe
- Kölsch: laufe, loufe
- East Central German:
- Erzgebirgisch: laafn
- Upper Saxon: loofen
- German: laufen
- Luxembourgish: lafen
- Rhine Franconian:
- Pennsylvania German: laafe
- Yiddish: לויפֿן (loyfn)
- Alemannic German: laufe, lauffe, loufe
- Middle High German: loufen
- Old Norse: hlaupa
- Gothic: *𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (*hlaupan) (in 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (ushlaupan)
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