Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hulmaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*hulmô

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *kl̥Hmos, likely from an original mn-stem; from Proto-Indo-European *kelH-. Cognate with Latin columen (“summit, peak”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxul.mɑz/

Noun

*hulmaz m

small island, hill, mound

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *hulmaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hulmaz	hulmōz, hulmōs
vocative	*hulm	hulmōz, hulmōs
accusative	*hulmą	*hulmanz
genitive	hulmas, hulmis	*hulmǫ̂
dative	*hulmai	*hulmamaz
instrumental	*hulmō	*hulmamiz

Related terms

*hulliz

Descendants

Old English: holm (meaning influenced by Old Norse holmr)
- Middle English: holm
  - Scots: holm, hulm
  - English: holm
Old Saxon: holm
- Middle Low German: holm
  - Low German: Holm
  - German: Holm
Old Dutch: holm
- Middle Dutch: holm
  - Dutch: holm
Old Norse: holmr
- Icelandic: hólmur
- Faroese: hólmur
- Old Swedish: holmber, hulmber; holme
  - Swedish: holme
- Old Danish: hulm
  - Danish: holm
Other:
- Slavic: *xъlmъ (from an unknown Germanic language)

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill

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