< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwerbaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Possibly from Pre-Germanic *kʷerp-, in which case the original form would have been *hwerfaną. If so, then it might be related to Ancient Greek καρπός (karpós, “wrist”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxʷer.βɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *hwerbaną (strong class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *hwerbō | *hwerbaų | — | *hwerbai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *hwirbizi | *hwerbaiz | *hwerb | *hwerbazai | *hwerbaizau |
| 3rd singular | *hwirbidi | *hwerbai | *hwerbadau | *hwerbadai | *hwerbaidau |
| 1st dual | *hwerbōz | *hwerbaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *hwerbadiz | *hwerbaidiz | *hwerbadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *hwerbamaz | *hwerbaim | — | *hwerbandai | *hwerbaindau |
| 2nd plural | *hwirbid | *hwerbaid | *hwirbid | *hwerbandai | *hwerbaindau |
| 3rd plural | *hwerbandi | *hwerbain | *hwerbandau | *hwerbandai | *hwerbaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *hwarb | *hurbį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *hwarft | *hurbīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *hwarb | *hurbī | |||
| 1st dual | *hurbū | *hurbīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *hurbudiz | *hurbīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *hurbum | *hurbīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *hurbud | *hurbīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *hurbun | *hurbīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *hwerbandz | *hurbanaz | |||
Derived terms
- *hwarbijaną
- *hwarbōną
- *hwirbilaz
- *hwurbōną
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill
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