< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nanþijaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Probably the factitive of an unattested adjective *nanþaz (“daring”). Related to Proto-Germanic *ninþaną (“to dare”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnɑn.θi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *nanþijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *nanþijō | *nanþijaų | — | *nanþijai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *nanþīsi | *nanþijais | *nanþī | *nanþijasai | *nanþijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *nanþīþi | *nanþijai | *nanþijaþau | *nanþijaþai | *nanþijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *nanþijōs | *nanþijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *nanþijaþiz | *nanþijaiþiz | *nanþijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *nanþijamaz | *nanþijaim | — | *nanþijanþai | *nanþijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *nanþīþ | *nanþijaiþ | *nanþīþ | *nanþijanþai | *nanþijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *nanþijanþi | *nanþijain | *nanþijanþau | *nanþijanþai | *nanþijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *nanþidǭ | *nanþidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *nanþidēz | *nanþidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *nanþidē | *nanþidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *nanþidēdū | *nanþidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *nanþidēdudiz | *nanþidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *nanþidēdum | *nanþidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *nanþidēdud | *nanþidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *nanþidēdun | *nanþidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *nanþijandz | *nanþidaz | |||
Descendants
- Old English: nēþan
- Old Frisian: nētha
- Old Saxon: nāthian
- Old Dutch: nenden
- Middle Dutch: nenden
- Old High German: nenden
- Middle High German: nenden, genenden
- Old Norse: nenna
- Westrobothnian: nännäs, nennäs
- Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (anananþjan)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 383
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