< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skadwaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Pre-Germanic *skh₃tús, from Proto-Indo-European *skeh₃- (“dark”).[1] Cognate with Old Irish scáth (“shadow”), Ancient Greek σκότος (skótos, “darkness”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskɑð.wɑz/
Inflection
| masculine a-stemDeclension of *skadwaz (masculine a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *skadwaz | *skadwōz, *skadwōs | |
| vocative | *skadw | *skadwōz, *skadwōs | |
| accusative | *skadwą | *skadwanz | |
| genitive | *skadwas, *skadwis | *skadwǫ̂ | |
| dative | *skadwai | *skadwamaz | |
| instrumental | *skadwō | *skadwamiz | |
Descendants
- Old English: sċeadu (reanalysed as u-stem, then as fem o-stem)
- Old Frisian: *skade
- Saterland Frisian: Skaad
- West Frisian: skaad, skâd
- Old Saxon: skado
- Old Dutch: skado
- Old High German: scato
- Old Norse: *skadda, *skǫddu (gen.)
- Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌿𐍃 (skadus) (reanalysed as u-stem)
- → Finnic: *skatve
- Finnish: katve
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page438
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