< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skikkijaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *skeg- (“to jump; move”), or perhaps from *skehaną + *-kijaną (intensive suffix).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskik.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *skikkijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skikkijō | *skikkijaų | — | *skikkijai | *? |
| 2nd singular | *skikkīsi | *skikkijais | *skikkī | *skikkijasai | *skikkijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *skikkīþi | *skikkijai | *skikkijaþau | *skikkijaþai | *skikkijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *skikkijōs | *skikkijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skikkijaþiz | *skikkijaiþiz | *skikkijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skikkijamaz | *skikkijaim | — | *skikkijanþai | *skikkijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *skikkīþ | *skikkijaiþ | *skikkīþ | *skikkijanþai | *skikkijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *skikkijanþi | *skikkijain | *skikkijanþau | *skikkijanþai | *skikkijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skikkidǭ | *skikkidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skikkidēz | *skikkidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skikkidē | *skikkidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *skikkidēdū | *skikkidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skikkidēdudiz | *skikkidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skikkidēdum | *skikkidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skikkidēdud | *skikkidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skikkidēdun | *skikkidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skikkijandz | *skikkidaz | |||
Descendants
- Old English: *sċiċċan
- Middle English: skekken (possibly from Dutch or Low German?)
- Old Frisian: skikka
- West Frisian: skikke
- Old Saxon: *skikkian
- Middle Low German: schicken
- German Low German: schicken
- Old Norse: skikka
- → Middle French: chicaner
- French: chicaner; chicanerie
- → German: schikanieren
- French: chicaner; chicanerie
- Middle Low German: schicken
- Old Dutch: *skikken
- Old High German: *skihhen
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