< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuppōną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskup.pɔː.nɑ̃/
Etymology 1
From Pre-Germanic *skubʰnéh₂-, an iterative formation to *skeubaną *skūbaną (“to shove”). Related to Lithuanian skubinti (“to rush, hurry”).
Inflection
The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *skupp- against non-singular *skub-.
Conjugation of *skuppōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skuppō | *skuppǭ | — | *skuppōi | *? |
| 2nd singular | *skuppōsi | *skuppōs | *skuppō | *skuppōsai | *skuppōsau |
| 3rd singular | *skuppōþi | *skuppō | *skuppōþau | *skuppōþai | *skuppōþau |
| 1st dual | *skuppōs | *skuppōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skuppōþiz | *skuppōþiz | *skuppōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skuppōmaz | *skuppōm | — | *skuppōnþai | *skuppōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *skuppōþ | *skuppōþ | *skuppōþ | *skuppōnþai | *skuppōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *skuppōnþi | *skuppōn | *skuppōnþau | *skuppōnþai | *skuppōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skuppōdǭ | *skuppōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skuppōdēz | *skuppōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skuppōdē | *skuppōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *skuppōdēdū | *skuppōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skuppōdēdudiz | *skuppōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skuppōdēdum | *skuppōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skuppōdēdud | *skuppōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skuppōdēdun | *skuppōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skuppōndz | *skuppōdaz | |||
Descendants
Etymology 2
Considered by Kroonen to be a secondary zero-grade iterative to Proto-Indo-European *skep-. Probably related to Ancient Greek σκώπτω (skṓptō, “to mock”).
Inflection
The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *skupp- against non-singular *skub-.
Conjugation of *skuppōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skuppō | *skuppǭ | — | *skuppōi | *? |
| 2nd singular | *skuppōsi | *skuppōs | *skuppō | *skuppōsai | *skuppōsau |
| 3rd singular | *skuppōþi | *skuppō | *skuppōþau | *skuppōþai | *skuppōþau |
| 1st dual | *skuppōs | *skuppōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skuppōþiz | *skuppōþiz | *skuppōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skuppōmaz | *skuppōm | — | *skuppōnþai | *skuppōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *skuppōþ | *skuppōþ | *skuppōþ | *skuppōnþai | *skuppōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *skuppōnþi | *skuppōn | *skuppōnþau | *skuppōnþai | *skuppōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skuppōdǭ | *skuppōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skuppōdēz | *skuppōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skuppōdē | *skuppōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *skuppōdēdū | *skuppōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skuppōdēdudiz | *skuppōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skuppōdēdum | *skuppōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skuppōdēdud | *skuppōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skuppōdēdun | *skuppōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skuppōndz | *skuppōdaz | |||
Related terms
- *skaupą
- *skupą/*skufą
- *skupaz/*skuppaz
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill
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