< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰreh₁d-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ǵʰreh₁d- [1][2]

  1. to sound

Derived terms
Category Terms derived from the PIE root *ǵʰreh₁d- not found
  • *ǵʰreh₁d-ti (root present)[1][2]
    • Celtic:
      • Middle Welsh: griddfan
        • Welsh: griddfan (“to groan”)
  • *ǵʰréh₁d-e-ti (thematic present)[1][2]
    • Germanic: *grētaną (“to weep, cry”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Indo-Iranian: *ĵʰráHdati
      • Indo-Aryan: *źʰráHdati
      • Iranian: *ĵráHdati
        • (possibly) Avestan: 𐬰𐬭𐬁𐬛𐬀‎ (zrāda, “chainmail”)
  • *ǵʰroh₁d-éye-ti (causative)[2]
    • Celtic:
      • Old Irish: ad-gládur (“to address”)
    • Germanic: *grōtijaną (“to cause to weep, scold, address”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: κέχλάδα (kékhláda, “to sound, sing aloud”)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*grētan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 187-188: “*ǵʰreh₁d-”
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*ĝʰreh₁d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 202
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