< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuǵ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions
  • *bʰūǵ-, *bʰuHǵ-

Etymology

Perhaps borrowed from Proto-North Caucasian *bVχc̣V, *bVc̣χV, (compare Lak бухца (buχca)), from *bVc̣V (“young he-goat”), or possibly from Proto-North Caucasian *bhä̆ƛ̣wĭ (“small cattle”) (compare Chechen бож (bož, “he-goat”), from Proto-Nakh *bɦoḳ́ (“he-goat”)).[1]

Noun

*bʰuǵ- [2]

  1. buck, he-goat

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms
  • *bʰūǵ-o-s[2] or *bʰuHǵ-o-s
    • Armenian: *buco[3]
      • Old Armenian: բուծ (buc, “lamb”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Indo-Iranian: *bʰuȷ́ás[4] (see there for further descendants)
    • Thracian: *byzas (possibly attested in Thracian personal names Byzas, Byzes)
  • *bʰuǵ-k-o-s[5]
    • Celtic: *bukkos (“goat”)[5] (see there for further descendants)
    • Germanic: *bukkaz (“buck”)[6] (see there for further descendants)
    • Indo-Iranian: *bʰuĉkas
      • Indo-Aryan: *bukkas (unexplained deaspiration of *bʰ-)
        • Sanskrit: बुक्क (bukka, “he-goat”)
          • Bengali: [script needed] (bokā)
          • Bhili: [script needed] (bokā)
          • Gujarati: બોકડું (bokḍũ), બોકડો (bokḍo)
          • Hindi: बोका (bokā)
          • Kurukh: [script needed] (boko)
          • Marathi: बोकड (bokaḍ)
          • Nepali: बोको (boko)
          • Maithili: [script needed] (bokṛā)
          • Oriya: [script needed] (bokā), ବୁକା (buka)
          • Punjabi: ਬੋਕ (bok)
          • Sindhi: ٻوڪ‎, ॿोक (b̤oka)

References
  1. Witzel, Michael (2003) Linguistic Evidence for Cultural Exchange in Prehistoric Western Central Asia (Sino-Platonic Papers; 129)‎, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, page 21
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “*bhŭg̑o-s 'buck, he-goat'”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 161
  3. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “buc”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 193
  4. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2007), “*būźa-, *būźā-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 191-192
  5. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*bukko-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 83
  6. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*bukka(n)-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 82
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