Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷeḱ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*kʷeḱ- [1][2][3]

to see
to look

Derived terms

► <a href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*k%CA%B7e%E1%B8%B1-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *kʷeḱ-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *kʷeḱ-</a>

*kʷéḱ-t ~ *kʷḱ-ént (aorist)
- Indo-Iranian: *Hákšat
  - Indo-Aryan: *Hákṣat
    - Sanskrit: अक्षत् (ákṣat)
  - Iranian: *Háxšat
    - Old Avestan: 𐬁𐬑𐬯𐬋‎ (āxsō, injunctive), 𐬑𐬯𐬁𐬌‎ (xsāi, subjunctive)
*kʷḗḱ-ti ~ *kʷéḱ-n̥ti (Narten present)
- Indo-Iranian: *kā́ĉati
  - Indo-Aryan: *kā́śati
    - Sanskrit: काशते (kā́śate)
  - Iranian: *kā́ĉati
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬁𐬐𐬀𐬯𐬀𐬝‎ (ākasat̰)
*kʷe-kʷóḱ-e ~ *kʷe-kʷḱ-ḗr (perfect)
- Indo-Iranian: *ćákšr̥š
  - Indo-Aryan: *ćákṣr̥ṣ
    - Sanskrit: चक्षुर् (cákṣur)
- ⇒ *kʷé-kʷ-ḱ-u-s (neuter participle)
  - Indo-Iranian: *čákšuš (see there for further descendants)
?*kʷṓḱ-ye-ti, *kʷṓǵ-ye-ti (causative)[4]
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Slavic: *kāzàti (see there for further descendants)
- Indo-Iranian: *kā́ĉyati
  - Indo-Aryan: *kā́śyati
    - Sanskrit: काश्यते (kā́śyate)
*kʷéḱ-s-ti ~ kʷḱ-s-énti (desiderative)
- Indo-Iranian: *čáštay (see there for further descendants)
*kʷéḱ-mr̥ ~ *kʷḱ-mén-s, *kʷéḱ-mōr ~ *kʷḱ-mn-és (collective)[5]
- Hellenic: *kʷékmər, *kʷékmōr
  - Ancient Greek:
    Attic Greek: τέκμᾰρ (tékmar)
    
    Epic Greek: τέκμωρ (tékmōr)
*kʷéḱ-s-mn̥ ~ *kʷḱ-s-mén-
- Indo-Iranian: *čáćšma (see there for further descendants)

References

Pokorny, Julius (1959), “k^u̯ek̑-, k^u̯ok̑-, k^u̯ek̑-s-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 638-639
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*k^u̯ek̑-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 383-385
Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*čaš¹, *kas¹”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 35, 245-246
Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kāzàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 222
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “τέκμαρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1459

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[1] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “k^u̯ek̑-, k^u̯ok̑-, k^u̯ek̑-s-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 638-639

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*k^u̯ek̑-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 383-385

[3] Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*čaš¹, *kas¹”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 35, 245-246

[4] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kāzàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 222

[5] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “τέκμαρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1459