< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tews-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*tews- [a 1][a 2]

  1. to be empty; to drain

Derived terms
  • *tus-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)
    • Indo-Iranian: *tušĉáti
      • Iranian: *tuŝáti
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬙𐬎𐬯𐬆𐬥‎ (tusən, 3.pl.inj)
  • *tows-éye-ti (causative)
    • Indo-Iranian: *tawšáyati
      • Iranian: *tawšáyati
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬙𐬌‎ (taošaiieti, 3.sg.pres.ind)
  • *tus-sḱ-yós (“empty”)[a 3]
    • Balto-Slavic: *tuskjas (“empty”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Indo-Iranian: *tušĉyás
      • Indo-Aryan: *tuśćyás
      • Iranian: *tuŝyás
        • Khotanese: tuśśaa (tuśśaa, “empty”)
        • Middle Persian: [script needed] (twhyg /tuhīg/)
          • Persian: تهی‎ (tohi, “empty”)
        • Parthian: [script needed] (twsyg, “empty”)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Italic:
      • Latin: tesqua (“desert”)
    • Germanic: *þustaz (“manure”)

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2. *teu̯s-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 642
  2. Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*tauš”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 388
  3. Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*tussk̂i̯os”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 179

Etymology 2

Probably an extension of *tew- (“to favour”).[b 1]

Root

*tews- [b 2][b 3]

  1. to be happy

Derived terms
  • *tus-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)
    • Anatolian: [Term?]
      • Hittite: [script needed] (tu-uš-ki-ez-zi /tuškezzi/, “to be happy”)[b 4]
  • *tus-yé-ti (ye-present)
    • Indo-Iranian: *tušyáti
      • Indo-Aryan: *tuṣyáti
  • *tows-éye-ti (causative-iterative)
    • Indo-Iranian: *tawšáyati
      • Indo-Aryan: *tawṣáyati
        • Sanskrit: तोषयति (toṣáyati)

References
  1. Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *teu̯s-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 641
  3. Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*teus-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 255
  4. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “tušk(ii̯e/a)-zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1040
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