< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/dwitī́yah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dwitī́yas.

Adjective

*dwitī́yah [1][2]

  1. second

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
    • Old Avestan: 𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬌𐬀‎ (daibitiia)
      • Younger Avestan: 𐬠𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬌𐬀‎ (bitiia)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Scythian: [Term?]
      • Old Ossetic: *δuǰi[2]
        • Ossetian: дуккаг (dukkag), дудзи (duʒi)
      • Saka-Wakhi: *dwitəh
        • Saka: [Term?]
          • Khotanese: [script needed] (śätä)
          • Tumshuqese: [script needed] (viti)
        • Wakhi: bət
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Bactrian:
        Greek: βιδδιγο (biddigo)
      • Chorasmian: [script needed] (δβcy), [script needed] (δβc)
      • Sogdian: (/δɨβd̥ī́k/)
        Brahmi: [script needed] (dʰawdʰk, dʰawṯik)
        Buddhist: [script needed] (δβtyk), [script needed] (δβtʾyk(w))
        Christian: [script needed] (dbṯyq)
        Manichaean: 𐫔𐫂𐫤𐫤𐫏𐫐‎ (δβttyk), 𐫔𐫂𐫤𐫏𐫐‎ (δβtyk), 𐫔𐫂𐫤𐫏𐫞‎ (δβtyq), 𐫔𐫔𐫂𐫤𐫏𐫐‎ (δδβtyk)
        Sogdian: 𐼹𐼱𐽂𐼷𐼸‎ (δβtyk)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (dъv)
    • Ormuri-Parachi:
      • Ormuri: ("other")
        Kaniguram: [script needed] (bye), [script needed] (bī)
        Logar: [script needed] (bē)
      • Parachi: [script needed] (bite, “again”)
    • Pashto: بل‎ (bël, “other”)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: [script needed] (iptē)
    • Kermanic:
      Farizandi, Natanzi, Soi, Yarandi: bī‎
      Farizandi, Yarandi: abī‎
      Kesehi, Soi, Zefrehi: ebī́‎
      Natanzi: dī‎
      Nayini: äbī́‎
      Qohrudi: abī́‎
      Yazdi: be‎, bidī́‎
    • Kurdish:
      Central Kurdish: دی‎ (dī)
      Northern Kurdish: dî, din
    • Medo-Parthian: [Term?]
      • Parthian:
        Manichaean: 𐫁𐫏𐫅‎ (byd /bid/), 𐫁𐫅𐫏𐫃‎ (bdyg /bidīg/, “second, other”)
      • Zazaki: bîn
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎯𐎻𐎫̄𐎹 (du-vi-t-y /duvitīya/)
      • Middle Persian:
        Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dtʾ /dit, did/, “second, other, also”)
        • Bakhtiari: [script needed] (dī)
        • ⇒ Middle Persian: ("again")
          Manichaean: 𐫅𐫇𐫅𐫏‎ (dwdy), 𐫅𐫇𐫅𐫏𐫃‎ (dwdyg)
          Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dwdy), [Book Pahlavi needed] (dwdyg)
          Turpan: [script needed] (dydyg)

References
  1. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–), “*du̯itīi̯a-, *bitīi̯a-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 485-486
  2. Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2016) Einführung ins Ostmitteliranische [Introduction to East-Central Iranian]‎ (in German), Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
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