< Reconstruction:Proto-Pama-Nyungan

Reconstruction:Proto-Pama-Nyungan/nguku

This Proto-Pama-Nyungan entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Pama-Nyungan

Alternative forms
  • *nguki

Noun

*nguku

  1. water

Descendants
  • Ayabadhu ((Yintyingka)): ngoki (“water”)
  • Baagandji: ngugu (“water”)
  • → Garawa: nguwu (“water”)
  • → Kayardild: nguku (“water”)
  • Kuku-Uwanh: ngaka (“water”)
  • Kalkatungu: kuu (“water”)
  • Kuuk Thaayorre: ngok (“water”)
  • → Lardil: nguka (“water; year”)
  • → Mangarayi: nguku (“water”)
  • Mudburra: nguku (“water”)
  • Ngarrindjeri: nguk (“water”)
  • Nyunga: nguk (“honey”)
  • Wangkumara: nguku (“river”), also possibly ngaka (“water”)
  • Warlpiri: nguku (“water”)
  • Wik-Mungkan: ngak (“water”)
  • Wik-Ngathana: ngak (“water”)
  • → Yangkaal: nguku (“water”)
  • Yindjilandji: nguka (“water”)

Further reading
  • Barry Alpher, Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004, →ISBN
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