< Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/m-ʔa

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Etymology
  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ʔraɣ (Coblin, 1986)
    • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *m-ʔa (Matisoff, STEDT); *(m-)a (Benedict, 1972; Weidert, 1987; French, 1983); *(m-)ɑ (Chou, 1972); *(m-)a(*C) (Coblin, 1986)

Adjective

*m-ʔa

  1. dumb, mute

Descendants
  • Old Chinese: 啞 /*ʔˤraʔ/ (B-S); /*qraːʔ/ (ZS) ("mute, dumb")
    • Middle Chinese: 啞 (ʔɣaX)
      • Modern Mandarin
        • Beijing: 啞 (yǎ), /i̯a²¹⁴/)
  • Jingpho-Asakian
    • Jingpho
      • Jingpho [Kachin]: ma-a (“dumb”)
  • Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
    • Lolo-Burmese
      • Burmish
        • Written Burmese: အ (a., “dumb, mute”)
      • Loloish: *ʔa²/³ (“dumb”) (Bradley, 1979)
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