< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/želza
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʰelǵʰ-. Compare Lithuanian gẽležuones, Old Armenian գեղձք (gełjkʿ).
Declension
Declension of *želza (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *želza | *želzě | *želzy |
| Accusative | *želzǫ | *želzě | *želzy |
| Genitive | *želzy | *želzu | *želzъ |
| Locative | *želzě | *želzu | *želzasъ, *želzaxъ* |
| Dative | *želzě | *želzama | *želzamъ |
| Instrumental | *želzojǫ, *želzǫ** | *želzama | *želzami |
| Vocative | *želzo | *želzě | *želzy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
Further reading
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*želza”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 557
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ghelĝh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “железа́”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
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