< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/životъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gʔiwot-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wotós. Morphologically as if *živъ (“alive”) +‎ *-otъ.

Baltic cognates are Lithuanian gyvatà (“life”) and Old Prussian giwato (“life”).

Indo-European cognates are Latin vīta (from *gʷih₃woteh₂), Sanskrit जीवित (jīvitá, “life”) and Ancient Greek βίοτος (bíotos).

Noun

*živòtъ m [1]

  1. life
  2. belly

Inflection
Declension of *živòtъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *živòtъ *životà *životì
Accusative *živòtъ *životà *životỳ
Genitive *životà *životù *živòtъ
Locative *životě̀ *životù *živòtěxъ
Dative *životù *životòma *životòmъ
Instrumental *životъ̀mь, *životòmь* *životòma *živòty
Vocative *živote *životà *životì
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: животъ (životŭ)
      • Belarusian: жывот (žyvót, “belly”)
      • Russian: живо́т (živót, “belly; life; animal”)
      • Rusyn: жывот (žŷvot, “life”)
      • Ukrainian: живіт (žyvit, “belly”)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: животъ (životŭ, “life; animal”)
      Glagolitic: ⰶⰹⰲⱁⱅⱏ (životŭ, “life; animal”)
    • Bulgarian: живо́т (živót, “life”)
    • Macedonian: жи́вот (žívot, “life”)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: жѝвот (“life”)
      Latin: žìvot (“life”)
    • Slovene: živòt (“life; body”)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: život (“life”)
    • Kashubian: żëwòt (“life”)
    • Polabian: zaivăt (“life”)
    • Polish: żywot (“life”)
    • Slovak: život (“life”)
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: žywot (“belly, body”)
      • Upper Sorbian: žiwot (“belly, body”)
  • → Karelian: šiivatta

Further reading
  • Gluhak, Alemko (1993) Hrvatski etimološki rječnik (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, page 710f
  • Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “живот”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*živòtъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 563
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