< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/darъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dāˀra, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃rom (“gift”), from the root *deh₃- (“to give”), turning masculine by Illič-Svityč's rule.

Direct cognates are Ancient Greek δῶρον (dôron, “gift”), Old Armenian տուր (tur). Indirect cognates (with the suffix -no) are Latin dōnum (“gift”), Sanskrit दान (dāná, “gift”).

Reconstruction

Vasmer and Derksen assume an original v-stem, but ESSJa claims that the forms with -ov- are secondary. Sławski claims that the evidence in inconclusive, and the history of the word as well as the derivatives indicate a coexistence of a v-stem.

Noun

*dȃrъ m [1][2][3]

  1. gift (given to another)
    *darъmь/*daromь ― for free
    *dati darъmь/*daromь ― to give for free
    *vъ darъ dati ― to give as a gift
    *božьjь darъ ― something sent by God
  2. (figuratively) talent, gift (ability)
  3. (in the plural) ceremonial gifts offered to the bride and groom during a wedding or exchanged during the wedding between the closest relatives and newlyweds

Inflection
Declension of *dȃrъ (u-stem, accent paradigm c)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *dȃrъ *dȃry *dȃrove
Accusative *dȃrъ *dȃry *dȃry
Genitive *dȃru *darovù *daròvъ
Locative *darú *darovù *dȃrъxъ
Dative *dȃrovi *darъmà *dȃrъmъ
Instrumental *dȃrъmь *darъmà *darъmì
Vocative *daru *dȃry *dȃrove

Derived terms
  • *dariti
  • *darovati
  • *darovitъ
  • *darovъ
  • *darovьinъ
  • *darъkъ
  • *darьba
  • *darьje
  • *darьmo
  • *darьnъ

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: dar
    • Polish: dar
    • Slovak: dar
    • Slovincian: dǻr
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: dar
      • Upper Sorbian: dar
  • → Albanian: dari, darit, daris
  • → Romanian: dar, daruri

Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dȃrъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 96: “m. u (c) ‘gift’”
  2. Kapović, Mate (2007), “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎, University of Vienna, page 7: “*dȃrъ”
  3. Olander, Thomas (2001), “darъ daru”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (NA 137; PR 137; RPT 102)”
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