Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duma

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *dumati (“to blow”).

Noun

*dùma f [1]

Declension

Declension of *dùma (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*dùma	*dùmě	*dùmy
Accusative	*dùmǫ	*dùmě	*dùmy
Genitive	*dùmy	*dùmu	*dùmъ
Locative	*dùmě	*dùmu	dùmasъ, dùmaxъ^*
Dative	*dùmě	*dùmama	*dùmamъ
Instrumental	dùmojǫ, dùmǭ^**	*dùmama	*dùmamī
Vocative	*dùmo	*dùmě	*dùmy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

Church Slavonic: дума (duma) (Russian)
East Slavic: дума (duma, “advice, council; thought, intention; like-minded persons”), Дума (Duma)
- Belarusian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)
- Russian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)
- Ukrainian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought; epic song”)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: ду́ма (dúma, “word, thought”)
- Macedonian: dial. дума (duma, “thought”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: дума (“(secret) thought; speech; mind, reason, memory”)
  
  Latin: dȕma
West Slavic:
- Polish: duma (“pride, self-esteem, arrogance”)
- Slovak: duma (“thinking, reasoning”)

References

Olander, Thomas (2001), “duma”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132)”

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[1] Olander, Thomas (2001), “duma”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132)”