< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъnati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúntei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰénti.
Conjugation
Conjugation of *gъnati (impf., -a/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gъnanьje | *gъnati | *gъnatъ | *gъnalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gъnanъ | *ženomъ |
| Active | *gъnavъ | *ženy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gъnaxъ | *gъna | *gъna | *ženǫ | *ženeši | *ženetь |
| Dual | *gъnaxově | *gъnasta | *gъnaste | *ženevě | *ženeta | *ženete |
| Plural | *gъnaxomъ | *gъnaste | *gъnašę | *ženemъ | *ženete | *ženǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gъnaaxъ | *gъnaaše | *gъnaaše | — | *ženi | *ženi |
| Dual | *gъnaaxově | *gъnaašeta | *gъnaašete | *ženěvě | *ženěta | — |
| Plural | *gъnaaxomъ | *gъnaašete | *gъnaaxǫ | *ženěmъ | *ženěte | — |
Conjugation of *gъnati (impf., -a/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gъnanьje | *gъnati | *gъnatъ | *gъnalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gъnanъ | *ženomъ |
| Active | *gъnavъ | *ženy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gъnaxъ | *gъna | *gъna | *ženǫ | *ženeši | *ženetь |
| Dual | *gъnaxově | *gъnasta | *gъnaste | *ženevě | *ženeta | *ženete |
| Plural | *gъnaxomъ | *gъnaste | *gъnašę | *ženemъ | *ženete | *ženǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gъnaaxъ | *gъnaaše | *gъnaaše | — | *ženi | *ženi |
| Dual | *gъnaaxově | *gъnaašeta | *gъnaašete | *ženěvě | *ženěta | — |
| Plural | *gъnaaxomъ | *gъnaašete | *gъnaaxǫ | *ženěmъ | *ženěte | — |
Related terms
- *gonìti (“to chase, to persecute”)
Descendants
- Church Slavonic: гънати (gŭnati) (Russian)
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “гнать”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “гнать”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 194
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gъnati”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 07, Moscow: Nauka, page 196
- Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “гнать”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gъnàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 197: “v. (b) ‘chase, persecute’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gъnati: ženǫ ženetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 204); c (PR 139) drive, jage”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “gnáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*gъna̋ti, sed. *žȅnǫ”
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