< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrbъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
The root lacks direct Indo-European relatives, so it cannot be reconstructed with full certainty. Nonetheless, both Derksen and Vasmer suppose an origin from the hypothetical proto-Indo-European root *ger- (“to bend, to craft”), which was enlarged in Slavic into Proto-Indo-European *gr̥bʰos < *gerbʰ- (“to carve, to crib”). From the same root, but via different extensions, descend Proto-Germanic *krabōną (“to crave, to contract”) and its derivative Proto-Germanic *kraftaz (“craft”) as well as Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to creep, to twist, to cripple”). Other cognates include Old Irish gerbach (“scabby, mangy”), Icelandic korpa (“wrinkle”), Old Armenian կարթ (kartʿ, “fishhook, fishing hook”) (< *gr̥̄p-ti-).
Declension
Declension of *gъrbъ (hard o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *gъrbъ | *gъrba | *gъrbi |
| Accusative | *gъrbъ | *gъrba | *gъrby |
| Genitive | *gъrba | *gъrbu | *gъrbъ |
| Locative | *gъrbě | *gъrbu | *gъrběxъ |
| Dative | *gъrbu | *gъrboma | *gъrbomъ |
| Instrumental | *gъrbъmь, *gъrbomь* | *gъrboma | *gъrby |
| Vocative | *gъrbe | *gъrba | *gъrbi |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- *gъrbačь
- *gъrbati
- *gъrbatъ
- *gъrbavъ
- *gъrbina
- *gъrbiti
Descendants
- Church Slavonic: гръбъ (grŭbŭ) (Russian)
- East Slavic: гърбъ (gŭrbŭ)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “горб”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gъrbъ / *gъrba”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 07, Moscow: Nauka, page 199
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gъrbъ; *gъrba”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 198: “m. o; f. ā ‘hump’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gъrbъ gъrba”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “d (OSA 141)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “gŕba”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*gъ̋rba”
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