< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/griva
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grī́ˀwāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHweh₂. Cognate with Sanskrit ग्रीवा (grīvā́, “neck”).
Inflection
Declension of *grìva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *grìva | *grìvě | *grìvy |
| Accusative | *grìvǫ | *grìvě | *grìvy |
| Genitive | *grìvy | *grìvu | *grìvъ |
| Locative | *grìvě | *grìvu | *grìvasъ, *grìvaxъ* |
| Dative | *grìvě | *grìvama | *grìvamъ |
| Instrumental | *grìvojǫ, *grìvǭ** | *grìvama | *grìvamī |
| Vocative | *grìvo | *grìvě | *grìvy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- → Yiddish: גריווע (grive)
Further reading
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1980), “*griva”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 07, Moscow: Nauka, page 129
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “грива”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*grìva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 189: “f. ā (a) ‘mane’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “griva grivy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a mane (NA 136, 138, 143; SA 18; PR 132; RPT 110)”
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