Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/meltva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*meltьba

Etymology

From *melti (“to grind, mill”) +‎ *-tva

Noun

*meltva f

grinding, milling
Synonyms: *meltьje, *melnьje, *melivo, *melvo, *mlivo

Inflection

Declension of *meltva (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*meltva	*meltvě	*meltvy
Accusative	*meltvǫ	*meltvě	*meltvy
Genitive	*meltvy	*meltvu	*meltvъ
Locative	*meltvě	*meltvu	meltvasъ, meltvaxъ^*
Dative	*meltvě	*meltvama	*meltvamъ
Instrumental	meltvojǫ, meltvǫ^**	*meltvama	*meltvami
Vocative	*meltvo	*meltvě	*meltvy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: молотьба (molotĭba)
  - Russian: молотьба́ (molotʹbá)

South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: мле̏̏тва
  
  Latin: mletva?, mljetvina
- Slovene: mlêtva, mlêtev f

West Slavic:
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: mlětwa
- Polish: młóćba

References

Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*meltva”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 18, Moscow: Nauka, page 91

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