< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pelti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
- Per Derksen, conceivably connected with Ancient Greek πάλλω (pállō, “to sway, to swing”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁-, but perhaps more plausibly connected with *pèlva (“chaff”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelH-u-, from *pelH-, cognate with Sanskrit पलाव (palā́va, “chaff, husks”).
- Vasmer also connects this verb with *pèlva (“chaff”), but gives different cognates: Lithuanian spãliai (“linen flax”), Latvian spil̃va (“husk”), Latin spolium (“hide stripped off an animal, prey”), Ancient Greek ἄσπαλον (áspalon, “hide”) (Hesychius), σπόλια (spólia, “clean-plucked wool from sheep's legs”) (Hesychius), Sanskrit फलति (phálati, “to burst”), स्फटति (spháṭati, “to tear”), स्फाटयति (sphāṭáyati, “to split”), Old High German spaltan (“to split”), German spalten (“to split”).
Inflection
In East and West Slavic, the present these has a j-suffix.
Conjugation of *pelti (impf., -C/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *peltьje | *pelti | *peltъ | *pellъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *peltъ | *peľemъ |
| Active | *pelvъ | *peľę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *pelsъ | *pel | *pel | *peľǫ | *peľeši | *peľetь |
| Dual | *pelsově | *pelsta | *pelste | *peľevě | *peľeta | *peľete |
| Plural | *pelsomъ | *pelste | *pelsę | *peľemъ | *peľete | *peľǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *peľaaxъ | *peľaaše | *peľaaše | — | *peľi | *peľi |
| Dual | *peľaaxově | *peľaašeta | *peľaašete | *peľivě | *peľita | — |
| Plural | *peľaaxomъ | *peľaašete | *peľaaxǫ | *peľimъ | *peľite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*peljenъ is doublet of past passive participle
In South Slavic, including Old Church Slavonic, a v-suffix appears instead.
Conjugation of *pelti (impf., -unknown-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *peltьje | *pelti | *peltъ | *pellъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *peltъ | *pelvomъ |
| Active | *pelvъ | *pelvy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *pelsъ | *pel | *pel | *pelvǫ | *pelveši | *pelvetь |
| Dual | *pelsově | *pelsta | *pelste | *pelvevě | *pelveta | *pelvete |
| Plural | *pelsomъ | *pelste | *pelsę | *pelvemъ | *pelvete | *pelvǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *pelěaxъ | *pelěaše | *pelěaše | — | *pelvi | *pelvi |
| Dual | *pelěaxově | *pelěašeta | *pelěašete | *pelvěvě | *pelvěta | — |
| Plural | *pelěaxomъ | *pelěašete | *pelěaxǫ | *pelvěmъ | *pelvěte | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*pelvenъ is doublet of past passive participle
The accent paradigm is unclear; sources variously posit a, b or c. The infinitive stem follows AP a, but the j-present cannot have an acute on the stem because it has a short vowel, so AP a is only possible in the v-stem variant, which has a liquid diphthong.
Related terms
- *pèlva (“chaff”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: пало́ць (palócʹ)
- Russian: поло́ть (polótʹ)
- Ukrainian: поло́ти (polóty)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “поло́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*pèlti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 394: “v. (a) ‘weed’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “pelti: peljǫ peljetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 248)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “plẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*pe̋lti, sed. *pȇlvǫ”
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