< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pyxati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Iterative counter-part of *puxati (“to blow”), from Proto-Indo-European *pews- (“to puff”). The -x- is due to RUKI law. Cognate with Sanskrit पुष्यति (púṣyati, “to thrive”) and akin to Ancient Greek φῡσᾰ́ω (phūsáō, “to blow, to swell”), Lithuanian puškuoti (“to puff”), Latvian pūst (“to blow, to whiff”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *pyxati (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *pyxanьje | *pyxati | *pyxatъ | *pyxalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *pyxanъ | *pyšemъ |
| Active | *pyxavъ | *pyšę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *pyxaxъ | *pyxa | *pyxa | *pyšǫ | *pyšeši | *pyšetь |
| Dual | *pyxaxově | *pyxasta | *pyxaste | *pyševě | *pyšeta | *pyšete |
| Plural | *pyxaxomъ | *pyxaste | *pyxašę | *pyšemъ | *pyšete | *pyšǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *pyxaaxъ | *pyxaaše | *pyxaaše | — | *pyši | *pyši |
| Dual | *pyxaaxově | *pyxaašeta | *pyxaašete | *pyšivě | *pyšita | — |
| Plural | *pyxaaxomъ | *pyxaašete | *pyxaaxǫ | *pyšimъ | *pyšite | — |
Reanalyzed in later times among some descendants as:
Conjugation of *pyxati (perf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *pyxanьje | *pyxati | *pyxatъ | *pyxalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *pyxanъ | — |
| Active | *pyxavъ | — |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *pyxaxъ | *pyxa | *pyxa | *pyxajǫ | *pyxaješi | *pyxajetь |
| Dual | *pyxaxově | *pyxasta | *pyxaste | *pyxajevě | *pyxajeta | *pyxajete |
| Plural | *pyxaxomъ | *pyxaste | *pyxašę | *pyxajemъ | *pyxajete | *pyxajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | — | — | — | — | *pyxaji | *pyxaji |
| Dual | — | — | — | *pyxajivě | *pyxajita | — |
| Plural | — | — | — | *pyxajimъ | *pyxajite | — |
- Notes:
- In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Related terms
- *pъxъtěti (“to puff”)
- *pъškati (“to groan”)
- *puxati (“to blow”)
Derived terms
- *sъpyxati (“to lose breath (for animals) / air (for objects, e.g. ball or baloon)”)
- *jьzpyxati (“to exhale air heavily”)
- *vъpyxati (“to inhale air heavily”)
- *zapyxati (“to get difficulty breathing”)
Descendants
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “пыхать”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Duridanov I., Račeva M., Todorov T., editors (1996), “пихам³”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 268
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “pyxati: pyšjǫ pyšjetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a stønne (PR 133)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “píhati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*pyxa̋ti”
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