< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/smьjati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
- *smijàti (later form)
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *smīˀ-, from Proto-Indo-European *smey-. Cognate with Latvian smiêt (“to mock”), 1sg. smeju, smiêtiês (“to laugh”), smaĩdît (“to mock”) (also Eastern dialect smaîdinât), smîdînât (“to make someone laugh”) (also Western dialect smĩdînât), smĩnêt (“to smile”). Also cognate with Sanskrit स्मयते (smáyate, “to smile, to laugh”), Ancient Greek μειδάω (meidáō), μειδιάω (meidiáō, “to smile”), φιλο-μμειδής (philo-mmeidḗs, “smiling gladly”) (Homeric), Tocharian A smimāṃ (“smiling”), English smile, Latin mīrus (“wonderful”). Per Derksen, the Balto-Slavic acute is an innovation.
Inflection
Conjugation of *smьjati (impf., -a/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *smьjanьje | *smьjati | *smьjatъ | *smьjalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *smьjanъ | *smějemъ |
| Active | *smьjavъ | *směję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *smьjaxъ | *smьja | *smьja | *smějǫ | *směješi | *smějetь |
| Dual | *smьjaxově | *smьjasta | *smьjaste | *smějevě | *smějeta | *smějete |
| Plural | *smьjaxomъ | *smьjaste | *smьjašę | *smějemъ | *smějete | *smějǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *smьjaaxъ | *smьjaaše | *smьjaaše | — | *směji | *směji |
| Dual | *smьjaaxově | *smьjaašeta | *smьjaašete | *smějivě | *smějita | — |
| Plural | *smьjaaxomъ | *smьjaašete | *smьjaaxǫ | *smějimъ | *smějite | — |
Related terms
- *smě̑xъ (“laughter”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 456
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “смею́сь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “смея́ться”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 179
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