< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sokъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sakas, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷos. Cognate with Lithuanian sakai (“resin, tar”).

Noun

*sȍkъ m [1]

  1. juice
Inflection
Declension of *sȍkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *sȍkъ *sȍka *sȍci
Accusative *sȍkъ *sȍka *sȍky
Genitive *sȍka *sokù *sòkъ
Locative *sȍcě *sokù *socě̃xъ
Dative *sȍku *sokomà *sokòmъ
Instrumental *sȍkъmь, *sȍkomь* *sokomà *soký
Vocative *soče *sȍka *sȍci
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: сокъ (sokŭ)
      Glagolitic: ⰔⰑⰍⰟ (sokŭ)
    • Bulgarian: сок (sok)
    • Macedonian: сок (sok)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
    • Slovene: sọ̑k (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: sok (dialectal)
    • Polish: sok
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: sok
      • Upper Sorbian: sok
Further reading
  • Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “сок”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *sokʷós, from *sekʷ- (“to say”).

Noun

*sokъ m [2]

  1. accuser
Inflection
Declension of *sokъ (hard o-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *sokъ *soka *soci
Accusative *sokъ *soka *soky
Genitive *soka *soku *sokъ
Locative *socě *soku *socěxъ
Dative *soku *sokoma *sokomъ
Instrumental *sokъmь, *sokomь* *sokoma *soky
Vocative *soče *soka *soci
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: сокъ (sokŭ, “accuser”)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: sok (“plaintiff”)
      • Czech: sok (“rival”)
    • Old Polish: sok (“slanderer, calumniator”)
    • Slovak: sok (“rival”)

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sȏkъ II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sokъ I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459
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