Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/verťi

• *vergti (earlier, unassimilated form, as in Derksen, Chernykh, Vasmer)
• *vergťi (earlier, partly assimilated form, as in Trubachev)

From Proto-Indo-European *(H)wergʷ-. Per Derksen, cognate with Proto-Germanic *werpaną (“to throw”) (Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍀𐌰𐌽 (wairpan), German werfen, English warp), which is suggested by Rix (LIV) to derive from *wergʷ- by a sound change *w - kʷ > *w - p, which is supposed to have also operated in Proto-Germanic *wulfaz (“wolf”) < Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos. Per Vasmer, the connection with Germanic is possible; other probable cognates are Sanskrit वृणक्ति (vṛṇákti), वर्जति (várjati, “to turn”), Latin vergō (“to bow, to turn”).

Originally, the etynom meant to turn, to roll. However, just like English throw (from Old English þrāwan (“to turn, twist”)), the lemma eventually underwent a semantic drift towards throwing, casting. The original meaning is somewhat preserved in the Bulgarian[1] derivative въргалям (vǎrgaljam, “to loop around”). Bulgarian and Macedonian have nonetheless developed a byform *xvьrglěti from the L-participle of *vergti which convey the secondary meaning to cast.

*verťi pf

1. to roll, turn
2. to throw, cast

• *vьrgnǫti (“to throw”)
• *vьrgalъ (“scuffle”)
• *vьrgalěti (“to loop around, to wreathe”)

• East Slavic:
  • ⇒ Russian: отверга́ть (otvergátʹ)
  • Ukrainian: вере́чи (veréčy)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: врѣщи (vrěšti)

    Glagolitic: ⰲⱃⱑⱎⱅⰹ (vrěšti)

  • Bulgarian: въргам (vǎrgam) (archaic)

    ⇒ Bulgarian: хвърлям (hvǎrljam)

    ⇒ Macedonian: фрли (frli)

  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: вр̏ћи

    Latin: vȑći

  • Slovene: vrẹ́či (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: vrci
    • Czech: vrhat
  • Polish: wierzgać
  • Slovak: vrhať
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: wierhać
    • Lower Sorbian: wiergaś

• Derksen, Rick (2008), “*vergti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 515
• Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “-вергнуть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress