< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zьrěti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
Cognate with Lithuanian žėrė́ti (“to shine, to sparkle”), 1sg. žẽriu, žėrúoti (“to glow, sparkle”), possibly also žiūrė́ti (“to look”).
- Per Derksen, further connections unclear.
- Chernykh (per Pokorny) reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerh₁-, and connects Proto-Germanic *grēwaz (“gray”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *zьrěti (impf., -ě/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ěti
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *zьrěnьje | *zьrěti | *zьrětъ | *zьrělъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *zьrěnъ | *zьrimъ |
| Active | *zьrěvъ | *zьrę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zьrěxъ | *zьrě | *zьrě | *zьřǫ | *zьriši | *zьritь |
| Dual | *zьrěxově | *zьrěsta | *zьrěste | *zьrivě | *zьrita | *zьrite |
| Plural | *zьrěxomъ | *zьrěste | *zьrěšę | *zьrimъ | *zьrite | *zьrętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zьrěaxъ | *zьrěaše | *zьrěaše | — | *zьri | *zьri |
| Dual | *zьrěaxově | *zьrěašeta | *zьrěašete | *zьrivě | *zьrita | — |
| Plural | *zьrěaxomъ | *zьrěašete | *zьrěaxǫ | *zьrimъ | *zьrite | — |
Related terms
- *zarjà, *zorjà (“dawn, aurora”)
- *zȏrkъ (“sunbeam, glance, appearance”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 552
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “зреть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “зреть”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 330
Etymology 2
Cognate with Sanskrit जरति (járati), जीर्यति (jī́ryati, “to become decrepit or rotten, to age”), जरन्त् (járant, “old”), Ancient Greek γραῦς (graûs, “old woman”), γέρων (gérōn, “old man, old”), γῆρας (gêras, “old age”), Old Armenian ծեր (cer, “old man, old”), Old Norse karl (“man, old man”), English churl.
Inflection
Conjugation of *zьrěti (impf., intr., -ě-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ěti
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *zьrěnьje | *zьrěti | *zьrětъ | *zьrělъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | — | — |
| Active | *zьrěvъ | *zьrěję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zьrěxъ | *zьrě | *zьrě | *zьrějǫ | *zьrěješi | *zьrějetь |
| Dual | *zьrěxově | *zьrěsta | *zьrěste | *zьrějevě | *zьrějeta | *zьrějete |
| Plural | *zьrěxomъ | *zьrěste | *zьrěšę | *zьrějemъ | *zьrějete | *zьrějǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zьrěaxъ | *zьrěaše | *zьrěaše | — | *zьrěji | *zьrěji |
| Dual | *zьrěaxově | *zьrěašeta | *zьrěašete | *zьrějivě | *zьrějita | — |
| Plural | *zьrěaxomъ | *zьrěašete | *zьrěaxǫ | *zьrějimъ | *zьrějite | — |
Related terms
- *zorìti (“to cause to ripen”)
- *zь̀rno (“grain”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 552
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “зреть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “зреть”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 330
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