< Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic

Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/ńale-

This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Uralic

Etymology

Possibly a pre-Proto-Uralic doublet with either or both of *ńäle- (“to swallow”), *nolke (“snot, slime”). Connection with Turkic *jālga- (“to lick”) (if from earlier *ńalga-) has occasionally been proposed.

Reconstruction

Earlier often reconstructed as *ńola- or *ńole-, but Aikio (2016) argues in favor of original *a.

Verb

*ńale-

  1. to lick

Descendants
  • Samoyedic: *ńåə-
    • Nganasan: [script needed] (ńəntəsa-)
    • Nenets:
      • Forest Nenets: [script needed] (ńānsaś)
      • Tundra Nenets: нянзась (ńāncəś)
    • Selkup: [script needed] (ńu-)
    • Kamassian: [script needed] (nʉ-)
  • Ugric:
    • Hungarian: nyal
    • Mansi:
      • Northern: нёлант (nëlant)
    • Khanty:
      • Northern: ня̆лта (nâ̆lta)
  • Permic:
  • Mari:
    • Eastern Mari: нулаш (nulaš)
    • Western Mari: нылаш (nylaš)
  • Mordvinic:
    • Erzya: ноламс (nolams)
    • Moksha: ноламс (nolams)
  • Samic: *ńoalōtēk (see there for further descendants)
  • Finnic: *nooldak (see there for further descendants)

References
  • Aikio, Ante. 2016. "The Finnic 'secondary e-stems' and Proto-Uralic vocalism". Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 95, pp. 25–66.
  • Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
  • Sammallahti, Pekka. 1988. "Historical phonology of the Uralic languages, with special reference to Samoyed, Ugric and Permic". In Sinor, Denis (ed.), The Uralic Languages: Description, History and Foreign Influences, pp. 478–554. Leiden: Brill. →ISBN.
  • Entry #633 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
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