ablative
See also: Ablative
English
Etymology
From Middle English [Term?], from Old French ablatif (“the ablative case”), from Latin ablātīvus (“expressing removal”),[1] from ablātus (“taken away”), from auferō (“I take away”). The engineering/nautical sense originates from ablate + -ive.
Pronunciation
- (grammar): (US) IPA(key): /ˈæb.lə.tɪv/
- (engineering, nautical): IPA(key): /əˈbleɪ.tɪv/
Audio (US) (file)
Adjective
ablative (not comparable)
- (grammar) Applied to one of the cases of the noun in some languages, the fundamental meaning of the case being removal, separation, or taking away, and to a lesser degree, instrument, place, accordance, specifications, price, or measurement. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).][2]
- (obsolete) Pertaining to taking away or removing. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the early 18th century.][2]
- 1622, Joseph Hall, The Works of Joseph Hall: Sermons, page 123:
- Where the heart is forestalled with misopinion, ablative directions are found needful to unteach error, ere we can learn truth.
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- (engineering, nautical) Sacrificial, wearing away or being destroyed in order to protect the underlying, as in ablative paints used for antifouling. [First attested in 1959.][3].
- (medicine) Relating to the removal of a body part, tumor, or organ. [First attested in the mid 20th century.][2]
- (geology) Relating to the erosion of a land mass; relating to the melting or evaporation of a glacier. [First attested in the mid 20th century.][2]
Derived terms
Translations
obsolete: taking away
applied to one of the cases of the noun in other language
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Noun
ablative (plural ablatives)
- (grammar) The ablative case. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][2]
- An ablative material. [Mid 20th century.][2]
Translations
ablative case — see ablative case
Derived terms
References
- “ablative” in William Morris, editor, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, New York, N.Y.: American Heritage Publishing Co., 1971 [1969], OCLC 299754516, page 3.
- “ablative” in Lesley Brown, editor, The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 5.
- Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 [1998], →ISBN), page 3
French
Italian
Latin
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